ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANT REFERENCE DATA BOOK VOLUME III
JAN C. PRAGER
Crime and Everyday Life
Insights and Implications Society
Marcus Felson
This book is currently available in the Municipal Library Pakistan, Rawalpindi Liaquat Bagh, you can download and view the index of the book.If you want the full PDF of this book, you can email us or WhatsApp us, you must inform us in the comments.
thank you
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANT REFERENCE DATA BOOK VOLUME III
JAN C. PRAGER
BOOK AUTHOR | |
---|---|
BOOK PUBLISHER | Jan C. Prager is the author of Environmental Contaminant Reference Databook, Volume 3, published by Wiley. |
LIBRARY | |
FORMAT | |
CATEGORY | CATEGORY |
ISLAM AND THE DESTINY OF MAN BYHASAN,ABD AL.HAKIM
INSANO KE ZINDAGI MEIN JINNAT KA AMAL DAKHAL BY MUHAMMAD YOUNAS QADRI
انسانوں کی زندگی میں جنات کا عمل دخل محمد یونس قادری
مولانا احمد علی لاہوری ؒ کے سلسلہ قادریہ راشدیہ سے تعلق رکھنے والے حضرت شیخ محمد یونس قادری مد ظلہ العالی کے قلم سے لکھی گئی کتاب جس میں جنات اور انسانوں کا تعلق اور جنات کیسے انسانوں پر اپنا اثر ڈالتے ہیں اور نقصان پہچاتے ہیں اس موضوع پر ایک شاندار کتاب ہے بالکل فری میں ڈون لو ڈ کیجئے اور پڑھیئے
شیخ محمد یونس قادری مدظلہ العالی کی دیگر کتب کو پڑھنے کے لئے یہاں کلک کریں
You visit this website and buy books in PDF and Kindle at a very low price compared to Amazon and other bookshops. Let it be clear that this website is free for books. You buy books from this website and support our mission. Financial support. The purpose of this website is to unite libraries around the world and create a digital catalog of the books in them and make the rare manuscripts scanned and made available in PDF and Kindle format for the service of scholars.
To contact us on WhatsApp, click on the icon with the download alongside the WhatsApp icon.
The Muwatta of Imam Malik, compiled during the early Abbasid period, is regarded by some scholars, including Shah Waliyullah, as the most authentic book on Ḥadith. The juristic verdicts in Muwatta’
reflect the practice of the Medinese and the consensus of the Medinese scholars.
After the demise of the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him), many of his Companions settled in the conquered provinces. Some of their successors collected and codified Hadith. For example, Ibn Jariḥ
in Mecca, Awza’i in Syria, Hammad in Başrah, Haitham in Wasit, Ma’mar in the Yemen, Ibn Mubarak in Khurasan and Jarir b. Hamid in Rayy collected Hadith. But none of these collections could compare
with the Muwatta’ of Imam Malik, who passed his whole life in Medina and, therefore, had direct access to the most reliable authorities on Hadith, because most of the leading Companions of the Holy Prophet
(may peace be upon him) and their successors lived and died in Medina and narrated traditions from the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him). The Muwatta’ of Imam Malik is based on the traditions narrated by them and the juristic verdicts given by them.
The word “Muwatta” literally means the trodden or beaten path. In his book, Musawwa, Shah Waliyullah says that “trodden path” or “beaten path” means the path followed by eminent religious
authorities. In other words, it means those verdicts which have been discussed by all religious scholars and about which there is complete agreement. According to Maulānā Sulaiman Nadvi, “Muwatta” means that trodden or beaten path which has been trodden upon by all the Companions of the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him), or, in other words, it means the agreed practice of the Companions of the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him).
Before Imam Malik finalised his book, the Muwaṭṭa’ contained about ten thousand traditions of the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him), but since Imam Malik exercised great care in selecting Hadith (traditions), he omitted eight thousand traditions. In its final form, the Muwaṭṭa’ contains only about two thousand aḥadīth (traditions). Since the Muwatta’ deals only with such aḥādith as have a bearing on juristic verdicts, it omits many chapters and headings found in the Sahihs of Imam Bukhārī, Imam Muslim, Tirmidhi, and others.
Muwatta’ has been narrated from Imām Mālik in thirty different ways. Of these, sixteen are famous. Four narrations, those by Yaḥyā, Ibn Bukair, Abū Mus’ab and Ibn Wahb, are most authoritative, but Yahya’s narration surpasses them all in popularity and fame. Imam Malik’s jurisprudence (fiqh) produced lasting effects on the entire Muslim world. His disciples spread in all the provinces of the Muslim Empire. It is true that Imam Abu Hanifah’s disciples were scattered in the Hijäz, Persia and Transoxania, but they did not reach Africa and Spain. Imām Awzā’i’s fiqh (jurisprudence) won popularity in Spain, but it did not benefit the people of Iraq and Persia. On the other hand, Imam Malik’s disciples carried his juristic learning to all corners of the Muslim world.
The Muwaṭṭā’ of Imam Malik was compiled during the reign of Mansur, the second Abbasid Caliph. After he was installed as Caliph in 136 AH., Mansur made his first Pilgrimage to Mecca. He visited Medina where he was received by leading scholars and men of eminence. Sufyan Thawrī, Sulaiman Khwaṣṣ and Imam Malik also came to greet him. When Mansur saw Imam Malik, he addressed him saying: “I have become disgusted with the differences of the jurists on Islamic law in different regions of the Empire. There is nothing of juristic learning in Iraq. The Syrians are known for their ardent love for jihad There is little learning among them. All juristic knowledge and scholarship is centred in Hijaz and you are the leader of the scholars of Hijaz. I wish that your book, Muwaṭṭa’, may be kept in a prominent place in the Ka’bah, so that all the people should refer to it on juristic questions. I also wish that copies of the Muwaṭṭā’ may be circulated in all parts of the Empire so that all juristic verdicts may conform to it.” But Imam Malik expressed his disagreement with the opinion of Manşür. He said: “The Companions of the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him) settled in all provinces of the Empire. Their juristic opinions and verdicts command respect and reverence of jurists in different regions of the Empire and the people of these regions follow their juristic opinions. Under these conditions, the people should not be forced to follow the opinions of a single jurist who is not infallible, after all, and may commit errors.”
Another incident of the same kind shows the sturdy independence of mind of Imam Malik and his refusal to submit to the wishes of the governmental authority. Although Manṣur was very kind to the Imām, the latter never recognised the legitimacy of his government. Once he issued a fatwa that the caliphate belongs rightfully to Nafs Zakiyyā, a descendant of the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him). The people objected saying that they had sworn fealty to Manṣur. Imām Malik said: “Manṣur has coerced you into doing this and the Shari’ah does not regard as valid any act done under coercion. There is a hadith (tradition of the Holy Prophet) that if a man is forced to divorce his wife, the divorce would be invalid.” On hearing this, Ja’far, the Governor of Medina, asked the people to renew their oath of fealty to Mansur and ordered Imam Malik not to issue any fatwa declaring that a divorce obtained by force or under coercion is invalid as this would strengthen the case of those who regarded as invalid the
oath of fealty obtained by Manṣur under coercion. But Imam Malik refused to be browbeaten and continued to give his verdict against divorce under coercion. For this act of disobedience to the governmental authority, Imam Malik was flogged in public until he bled white, but still he refused to bow to the wishes of the rulers.
22 December 1979
(Prof) Mazheruddin Siddiiq
The Muwatta of Imam Malik holds significant importance in the Hadith tradition of Islamic studies for several reasons:
In summary, the Muwatta of Imam Malik is highly significant in the Hadith tradition of Islamic studies due to its authenticity, early compilation, geographical context, integration with fiqh, recognition by scholars, and its role in providing insights into early Islamic society and culture. It continues to be a vital source for scholars and students of Islam seeking to understand the Prophet’s traditions and the foundations of Islamic jurisprudence.
The English translation of the Muwatta of Imam Malik:
You visit this website and buy books in PDF and Kindle at a very low price compared to Amazon and other bookshops. Let it be clear that this website is free for books. You buy books from this website and support our mission. Financial support. The purpose of this website is to unite libraries around the world and create a digital catalog of the books in them and make the rare manuscripts scanned and made available in PDF and Kindle format for the service of scholars.
Go ahead and support us in this mission.
Masail-e-Tasawwuf by Maulana Syed Muhammad Dawood Ghaznavi
Toobaa Foundition
The purpose of the Toobaa Foundition is to serve the scholars, especially those specializing in MPhil, PhD, or any other field. The foundation assists them in their pursuit of knowledge. To achieve this goal, Toobaa Foundition has a program to digitize all libraries across the country, whether private or public. The primary objective is to search for libraries, compile lists, and introduce the available books. The foundation also conducts scanning of rare manuscripts and scans books that require digitization, presenting them in PDF and Kindle formats.
EDUCATION AND THE MUSLIM WORLD CHALLENGE & RESPONSE
INSTITUTE OF POLICY STUDIES
EDITORE NIAZ ERFAN & ZAID A.VALIE
ISBN 969-448-29-9
BOOK PROMOTORS (PVT)LTD MARKAZ F7 ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN
irfanakbar
best